Protect your self from sexually transmitted diseases.

Sexual Health - 01

In the global world the Sexually transmitted diseases(STD) has become a one of the most considerable problem. In the present world about 448 million people affected yearly. Most of the countries has to spend more money on the both preventing and curative sector. Not only they cause wasting of money but also loss of important man power and working days.  This includes set of Infectious diseases transmitted trough sexual contact or the blood borne route. As example this include diseases like HIV/AIDS, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Genital herpes etc.

Why sexually transmitted diseases are more prevalent in present......?

1. As name implies sexually transmitted diseases or sexually transmitted inflections transmit one person to other through sexual contact. Usually it is though heterosexual activities. But according to the recent finding sexually transmitted disease are more prevalent among homosexual individuals.So the changes in the sexual relationships and sexual patter has contribute to the higher disease prevalence.

2. Other important thing that has occur is changes in the monogamous relationships into polygamous relationships is also important factor that has contribute to the high incidence of diseases.



3.These are not only transmit through sexual contact, but also can transmit through blood. Because most of these are blood borne disease. Therefore it is prevalent among intravenous drug users.

4. Blood donation can also may helps to spread of these diseases. But due to the routing screening for HIV, Hep. B like diseases. This has contribute a lesser number recently.

5. Due to high prevalence of HIV/ AIDS most people used to practice barrier methods like condoms but due to the introduction of new treatment for HIV, usage of these protective methods has also get reduce causing high prevalence.

6. Also transmission trough placenta is commoner. Also babies may inflected during beast feeding.

What are the infectious disease include this group.......?

Sexually transmitted diseases include wide variety of disease categories. These caused by all type of microbes like bacteria, virus, parasites and fungi. There fore it has high prevalence world wide. Below you can see a set of STIs with their causative agents.

Bacteria causing STIs

Neisseria gonorrhoea - Causative agent for Gonorrhea.
Trepanema pallidum - Causative agent for Syphilis.
Chlamydia trachomatis - Causative agent for Chlamydia inflection

Virus causing STIs

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)- causative agent for AIDS.
Hepatitis B virus - Causative agent for hepatitis B.
Hepatitis C virus - Causative agent for hepatitis C.
Herpes simplex 2 - Causative agent for genital herpes.
Human pappiloma virus- Causative agent for genital warts and cervical cancer in female.

Parasite causing STIs

Trichomonas vaginalis- Causative agent for Trichomonas inflection.

Fungi causing STIs

Candida albicans - Causative agent for candida inflection.

Although we have not mentioned here, there are large number of infective agents that transmits through the sexual contact.

Who are in high risk for Sexually transmitted diseases........?

• Sexual workers
• Homosexual men
• Intravenous drug users.
• Persons with multiple sex partners. Women in home.
• Health workers
• Babies borne to inflected mothers. 

How you identify a sexually transmitted disease..........?

• Urethral discharges.
• Genital ulcers.
• Inguinal swellings.
• Vaginal discharges.

Although you do not have any of the symptoms(asymptomatic) you will have to face the complications later. Therefore consider about your sexual health more.

What are the treatments for STIs................?

If you will notice the most important thing you have to do is consult a qualified doctor. It is more advisable for person with a risk.Unless you will get treated you have to face severe complications in your later life.  Your doctor will advice you about the management according to the condition.

How to prevent STIs...........?

If you are safe enough in sex you will not get any of these. Always try to keep a safe and trusty sexual partner. Make sure both you and you partner are individuals with monogamous relationships. If you get inflected with sexually transmitted disease make sure both you and your partner get treated with the other contacts. Always avoid sex or use safe methods, if you are inflected with STI until it will get resolved   

Reference:
WHO: Sexually transmitted inflections 
CDC : 2010 Sexually transmitted disease surveillance (PDF)
National STI control program Sri lanka
Wikipedia: Seaxually transmited diseases
Sexually transmitted disease